The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important ligament that stabilises the knee. An ACL tear is a common injury in athletes who participate in pivoting sports. Patients often describe a non-contact twisting injury and feel a “pop”. ACL tears can also be caused by a direct impact to the knee during contact sports. The injured athlete is typically unable to finish the game or activity. The knee becomes swollen and stiff within a few hours of injury.
A clinical examination performed by a doctor can often diagnose an ACL tear. However, if the knee is very swollen and painful it can be difficult to accurately assess the stability of the knee on examination. Patients should obtain an x-ray to rule out a fracture and an MRI scan to confirm the diagnosis and check for associated injuries. Other injuries associated with an ACL tear include meniscal tears and other knee ligament injuries.